The Introduction
Cause Célèbre

The theory of evolution, championed by Charles Darwin in the 19th Century, has stood the test of time to date. While evolution has not yet been proven to be a scientific fact, it is looked upon as a "verified" theory. The concept provides a logical interpretation of the environment so detailed and documented with plausible hypotheses that it compels acceptance. Caution, however, is implored, as many verified truths of yesterday later became an embarrassment to their proponents and were subsequently abandoned. All theories, until proven to be a scientific fact, are subject to revision, correction, and even rejection as scientists seek to understand and explain the environment. The purpose of the Quest for Right is to further that aim by taking an unbiased look at both scientific and religious concepts on origins. The investigation promises to be an authoritative and enlightening new look at the history of the "world that then was."  

Chapter 1
Experiments with Time

Entertains the course of events that ultimately led to the establishment of geologic time and formations as currently evaluated. The innovation had the effect of promoting the theory of evolution while discrediting Biblical origins.

Chapter 2
The Polite Adversary

Delves into the theory of catastrophism, the last-ditch effort by Christians to reconcile the "crowns of reptilian creation," the dinosaurs, with Biblical histories. Refutes the irreconcilable ideas of the polite adversary and maintains the integrity of scripture. Unveils the fundamental truth, based on the scientific record of creation, that the earth accreted from a watery nebula; the great surging mass of water and chemicals had no particular shape and covered an immense area of interstellar space.

Chapter 3
The Agency of Revitalization

The fact-finding investigation concentrates on the importance of the earth’s inner heat and reveals the hitherto unknown mechanism of said heat. The surprise findings, taken from the pages of the Bible, tighten the reins on those theorists who permitted their imaginations to slip past the boundaries of true science, beyond the pale of investigation. The vain assertions of geologists are pitted against classical physics, the old physics of cause and effect, and the scientific record of creation, the Bible.

Chapter 4
The Advent of Light

The investigation tackles the perplexing problem of how to reduce the earth’s heavy saturation of atmospheric water vapors on the first and second days of creation to their present level. Interestingly, light but not the sun was created on the first day; the sun was created on the fourth day. The cleric scholarship, unaccustomed to the laws of classical physics, has been rendered impotent in the submission of any viable mechanism. The league of scientists are similarly neutralized even though they have the answer within their grasp. The quandary leaves the investigation poised to solve the seemingly inexplicable riddle by incorporating the best of both worlds: the premises set down in the scientific record of creation and the fundamental rules of classical physics, which hold the universe in its grasp. The mystery is solved by entertaining a certain aspect of the marvelous water molecule.

Chapter 5
Impressions of a Realist

1. The true physical and chemical properties of the elements and compounds have been partially obscured by the underlying factor of philosophy; in this instance, that of the scientific council. The belief of the council is weighed alongside the scientific evidence and separated piecemeal so as to present the evidence in an unadulterated form. The line is drawn distinctly between the philosophies rooted in the various schools of mechanism, vitalism, obstructionism, and separatism. The investigation reopens the 1981 State of Arkansas balanced treatment act (Act 590) which required a balanced treatment of creation science with evolution in the public classrooms. The court’s definition of science, "that which scientists are generally associated with and perform," is reevaluated so as to determine if said definition is arguably correspondent or else gravely overstated.

2. The backbone of obstructionism is electronic interpretation, the tenet that all physical, chemical, and biological processes result from a change in the electronic structure of the atom which, in turn, can be deciphered through the orderly application of mathematics as outlined in quantum mechanics. The philosophy rejects any divine intervention. Scientific obstructionism is judged on these specifics: electronic interpretation and quantum mechanics. Conversely, the view of separatists that God is both responsible for and rules all the phenomena of the universe will stand or fall when the facts are applied. The view, however, is not tested by the definition of science, as determined by the court, but by the weightier principle of verifiable truths.

Chapter 6
Precautionary Demands

The distortions inherent to the present architecture of the atom, which were accomplished through quantum disarray; in particular, the parlaying of incalculable formulae into law, are exposed. The investigation escapes into realism by underscoring the numerous experiments and errors responsible for Rutherford and Bohr’s model of the atom. The indictment of cause and effect wipes the board clean of the incantations of mathematicians and permits a reappraisal of quantum mechanics. Subjects entertained are: wave-mechanical model, magnetic quantum number, Pauli exclusion principle, spin quantum number, Aufbau principle, and Hund’s rule of maximum multiplicity.

Chapter 7
Restless Excitement

The venture into the submicroscopic world of the atom is accounted under the auspices of the old physics of cause and effect. The valid redox affirmations of the 18th century, which were tied to classical physics, have been debased by the eroding influence of electrochemical analysis, the basis of which is quantum magic and mathematical evaluations. The accurate assertions were set aside as incomplete in order to provide room for the impractical and fantastic beliefs of visionaries (dreamers). The arbitrary assessments of oxidation-reduction reactions are swept away by fundamental deductions based on cause and effect. A few of the subjects entertained are: electricity, electrolyte, the browning of fruit, the mystery of fire, and the role of oxygen in the ignition of hydrocarbons.

Chapter 8
The Photoelectric Effect

The quest to solve the mystery surrounding the advent of light on the first day of recorded history continues. The incoherent reasoning of the scientific council relative to the attributes of light are highlighted. The photon, a highly imaginative ghost particle, is conjured up in a failed attempt to explain the photoelectric effect.

Chapter 9
Promissory Notes

In 1930, the English mathematician Paul Dirac predicted the possible existence of an antielectron by what must be called in the future a nonsensical comparison between charged particles and the observation of negative numbers. From Dirac’s comparison, a bold new concept was conceived: antimatter. The serendipity manner in which the antielectron was supposedly discovered is exposed. Subjects analyzed include: mass converted into energy (E=mc²), antimatter, the embryonic numbers game responsible for the compounded errors of the periodic table of the elements, storage cells, fusion, promoted nucleon masses and new design ratios, Avagadro’s law, quarks, muons, neutrinos, and isotopes. The arbitrary scales of comparative weights and apparent errors submitted by the scientific council are corrected. Ironically, while the tenets of obstructionism have failed, the scientific record of creation has thus far stood undaunted against all attacks and has proven to be an invaluable asset to the investigation.

Chapter 10
Light to See 

The theory of disappearing color (absorption and reflection) is seriously impaired by the findings of the investigation into light. While at the crossroad of determination, a final ruling may be made relative to the reopening of the 1981 Arkansas balanced treatment case. The investigation concedes to the factual information provided: electronic interpretation, in a word, is a hoax! The tenet amounts to little more than an excuse for the scientific council and liberal educators to mount a concerted effort to subjugate (subdue or conquer) the forces of separatism. And in the course of denouncing any divine intervention, they supposed that truth could be obtained by the magical application of mathematics, thus, a federations of mystics was formed. Subjects entertained are: hydrogen, water, capillary action, electronic interpretation, quanta of energy, particles complementary to the atom, electricity, lightning, Rayleigh scattering, hydrogen-3, and the scheme of coincidence.

Sample Chapter.
Note:  Chapter 7 is taken out of context and refers to 
phenomena entertained in other sections.

The climactic venture into the submicroscopic world of the hydrocluster [hydrogen] has been successfully completed and fully accounted under the auspices of the old physics of cause and effect. The investigation may now turn its attention to the second example of bonding: oxidation-reduction, which is typically shortened to redox [red(uction)-ox(idation)]. In the earlier years of analytical chemistry, the term oxidation denoted any process in which oxygen combined with another element or compound; reduction specifies any process in which oxygen is lost or given up. Modern theorem utilizes redox reactions in an attempt to explain a great number of similar processes; included are: oxygen-atom transfer, hydrogen-atom transfer, and electron transfer.

A quantitative description of redox reactions is submitted based on the tenet of electronic interpretation. The challenged assertion promotes the idea that the loss or gain of one or more electrons is the causation of all redox processes. For instance, an atom is oxidized when it gives up one or more electrons; an atom is reduced when it gains or takes in one or more electrons. Familiar forms of redox reactions are: fire, the browning of fruit, and the conductivity of electrolytes. An electrolyte is any dissolved substance (as salt) in an aqueous solution that allows the conduction of an electric current. Fundamental life processes, photosynthesis, and respiration are also indicative of redox reactions. The valid redox affirmations of the 18th Century, the basis of which was classical physics, have since been degraded by the eroding influence of electrochemical analysis whose basis is quantum magic and mathematical incantations.

The accurate assertions were discounted; that is, they were set aside as incomplete, which provided room for the impractical and fantastic beliefs of visionaries (dreamers). The unrealistic scheme promotes the irreconcilable tenet that each atom has an outermost, or valence, shell which it attempts to fill by one of three means: borrowing, lending, or sharing electrons. The number of electrons acquired, given up, or shared is known as the valence number. If one or more electrons are given up or else shared, a + sign is assigned to the element. If one or more electrons from another element are taken in or shared, a - sign is assigned. The valence number, accompanied by either a plus or minus sign, is referred to as the oxidation number. For example, the element chlorine has seven formulated electrons in its valence shell; the idealistic promotion realizes the desired neutral state by the inclusion of seven mathematically scored opposite charged protons within the nucleus. In a redox reaction with hydrogen, the element’s one electron is given up or shared with chlorine. This is a remarkable statement seeing that pure hydrogen does not possess an electron (buttress). Nevertheless, the borrowing of hydrogen’s one electron theoretically allows Cl to complete its outer shell; thus, hydrogen is assigned an oxidation state of +1 while chlorine is assigned a -1.

H        +       Cl ———— HCl

hydrogen         chlorine       hydrogen
                                           chloride

Atoms that show an affinity to lend electrons are classified as metals; those with an affinity to borrow electrons are known as nonmetals; and those that have a completed outer shell, thus, having no affinity to lend or borrow, are considered inert.

Oxidation states or charges are expressed as Roman numerals enclosed by parenthesis; examples, Cl(-I) and H(I). The oxidation states, prescribed by the forging (counterfeiting) technique, have been assigned to each element and may be briefly summarized as this: any electrons gained in one equation must be lost in the other; thus, the number of electrons gained or lost is always accounted for. An example: zinc metal and copper (II) will react in a water solution to produce copper metal and an aqueous zinc ion (an atom that has theoretically gained or lost one or more electrons and, thus, acquired a negative or positive charge). Abiding by the guideline, zinc gives up two of its valence electrons which must be gained by the copper (II) ion. The zinc metal is oxidized and forms aqueous zinc ions; the copper (II) ion is reduced to copper metal.

The imaginative exercise encompasses a net transfer of two electrons lost from zinc and gained by copper. Oxidation-reduction reactions (the loss or gain of electrons) may be divided into two half reactions which, together, balance the chemical processes and/or equations. A typical redox half reaction may be illustrated by entertaining a familiar electrochemistry experiment used to determine the conductivity of certain electrolytes; again, an electrolyte is a substance, as salt, that, when dissolved in an aqueous solution, allows the conduction of an electric current. The apparatus required for this exercise is an incandescent lamp whose circuitry is interrupted by two metal prongs immersed in an aqueous solution.

The following is visionary contemplation only; do not take it seriously: When an electrolyte, as sodium chloride NaCl (common salt), is introduced to an aqueous solution, the molecular “ionic” lattice is dissociated or broken down into separate positive and negative ions. It is the presence of ions that permit the conduction of an electric current; the greater the number of ions, the higher the conductivity of electricity. The electrical connections of the apparatus cause one metal prong (electrode) to become positively charged, the other negatively charged. The positive electrode is called the anode, the negative the cathode.

The charged electrodes attract opposite charged ions. The positive ions (cations) rush to the cathode where they receive one or more electrons in order to complete their outer shell and, by so doing, become electrically neutral. The negative ions (anions) are drawn to the anode where they donate electrons to the metal electrode, and they too become electrically neutral. The migration of ions, the cations to the cathode and the anions to the anode, permits the conduction of an electrical current through the electrolyte by completing the circuit between the electrodes, thus, feeding current to the lamp.

The preceding exposition was introduced by the Swedish chemist Arhennius. The explanation, however, does not align with the correct architecture of the charge [atom] and is in error. The classifications and terms: cations and anions, loss or gain of electrons, ion migration, oxidation states, electron transfer, and half reactions are meaningless jargon; they have no relevancy to classical physics. The measure is prompted by the fact that electricity, long held to be a fundamental entity comprised of material particles, consists exclusively of electromagnetic wave formations. In other words, electricity is light. The statement of truth will become self-evident in due course. During the interim, please be advised that the investigation has access to privy information that will be submitted in the proper sequence of events.

Contrary to the supposed truth detailed by Arhennius, the propagation, not flow, of electricity in the electrolyte is made possible by the introduction of current fillers (as NaCl). The term replaces “electrolyte;” the latter is so enmeshed in quantum abuses that it can no longer serve any useful purpose. The exception to Arhennius’ theory may be explained as follows. Ordinary tap water, due to the presence of various dissolved minerals, or current fillers, is a semiconductor; the aspect is attested in that the accidental immersion of an electrical device, as a hair dryer, into bath water has a great potential for electrical shock and even death. The conductivity of tap water is relatively poor at low temperatures but may be considerably enhanced by heat, increased voltage, or the addition of “current fillers.” More to the point, an H₂O molecule in itself is not a conductor cell; the molecules do not actually touch one another. Please read it again. In order for the propagation of electricity to occur, water molecules must be joined by hitchhiking transient particles. The participation of current fillers transforms an otherwise semiconductor into a conductor of electromagnetic wave formations.

Conductivity of current fillers in an aqueous solution.

This is accomplished by the establishment of feeder series or circuit interconnections between the constitute molecules in the aqueous solution. The molecular components are joined end to end, forming a track or circuit whereby electricity is allowed to propagate from one molecule to another until a connection is made between the two electrodes. The fact that water is in constant electrostatic excitement, and any movement of current creates a disturbance, qualifies the fact that feeder series and tracks are temporary arrangements. As a consequence, the configuration of molecular unions taking place in the aqueous solution offers electricity numerous dead-ends; that is, feeder series that go nowhere. With sufficient current fillers, however, interrupted tracks are replaced immediately by other feeder series establishing circuit interconnections by a great number of interchanges. Hence, a higher concentration of current fillers is correspondent to a greater number of feeder series; this insures that the propagation of electricity between the electrodes will not be interrupted even in the midst of high agitation. Note: The propagation of light through a conductor will be detailed at full length in a subsequent chapter.

The concise evaluation of current fillers paves the way for the inquiry into two other so-called redox reactions, the browning of fruit and fire. When the question is raised as to why a freshly sliced or bitten apple turns brown, the automatic reply is, “Oxidation.” A few will venture further and state, “It is a redox reaction in which a transfer of electrons has occurred.” Regardless of the definition of oxidation, be it the simple redox affirmations of the 18th Century or the current reply, the causation of the browning of fruit is not oxidation. The redox reactions outlined by the council are stymied by the truth and have fallen.

In refuting the old and introducing the new, the browning of fruit may be explained in clear and simple pronouncements based on the tried and true rules of classical physics. The correct terminology, in lieu of “oxidation-reduction,” is incrustation—“to incrust or harden into a crust.”

An apple consists jointly of mostly water and cellulose, “the primary constitute of the cell walls (fibers) of all plants.” When a sharp utensil is utilized to slice an apple, the molecular structure of the fruit is not cut per se but, rather, torn apart. Pursuant to the tearing apart, the cells begin to ooze or exude a fluid, commonly referred to as “juice,” whereupon the evaporation or drying out process begins. The subsequent condensation, specifically the elimination of water molecules through evaporation, causes the remaining molecules to draw together or shrink, forming macromolecular or giant molecules of the same substance. The arrangement of giant molecules is known as a polymer; the polymeric materials left behind during the evaporation process form the crust.

The foregoing adequately describes the process by which the polymeric crust is formed. It does not, however, explain the browning that occurs. The coloration of an apple, or any other fruit or plant, is due to the presence of coloring matter in the tissue and cells called pigment.

The browning of fruit—polymeric crust of an apple.

Although the coloration may be of a very light hue, the evaporation-condensation process also causes the polymerization of the pigment associated with the dead and dying cells; again, the latter results from the tearing apart of the molecular structure by a cut or bite. The pigment molecules join together to form a more complex molecular state, producing an extract—“a highly concentrated form of the pigment materials.” The causation for the browning of fruit may be acclaimed: When the molecular structure of fruit is torn apart, the combined processes of evaporation, condensation, and polymerization produce an extract of the pigment molecules.

The obvious lesson, even to the casual reader, is that the browning of fruit is not oxidation-reduction related. There was neither a loss nor gain of electrons and, therefore, no transfer of electrons (that is, an atom either borrowing or else contributing one or more electrons to another). Moreover, oxygen neither combined with any element in the fruit nor was any oxygen lost or given up. Oxygen is involved in the process of incrustation only in the sense that it is a constitute of water. In order for oxygen to be considered a contributing factor, the meaning of oxidation would have to be broadened to include the evaporation of water. The broader scope would then border on the ridiculous, as the evaporation and condensation of ocean waters in the formation of fresh water raindrops would be considered oxidation.

The simplicity of the investigation’s language— rudimentary arguments based on classical physics—rules out any supposed need for mathematical evaluations and their expressed formulae denoting half reactions, oxidation states, and the like. The obstructionist’s tools, electronic interpretation and quantum mathematics, are inconsequential in any further dialogue relative to so-called redox reactions. The truth will be further established as the remaining “oxidation” process is entertained: the phenomenon of combustion (fire).

The element oxygen was discovered in 1774 by the English chemist Joseph Priestley. Late in the 18th Century, the French chemist Antoine Lavoisier meritoriously concluded that oxygen plays an integral role in combustion. The phenomenon has since been defined as an act or process in which one or more combustible substances, usually combined with oxygen, produce or generate heat and, most always, light.

The mechanism(s) of combustion is not understood; therefore, the scientific council is resigned by expediency to accept the simple, factual determination that combustion is a reaction in which oxygen combines with a combustible material. The failure to explain the fundamentals of combustion by electronic interpretation is a noteworthy blessing, for it allows the investigation, with the new architecture of the atom in hand, to concentrate almost entirely on the responsible mechanism(s). This gives a short reprieve from the expected, frequent forays into the beliefs of a mischievous scientific council.

The investigation will initially establish corrected terminologies for the entertained phenomena: combustion, combustible materials, flame, and smoke. The effort will serve to distinguish outdated and irrelevant concepts from the true. In the remainder of the inquiry, the term combustion, due to the pitfall of electronic interpretation,  shall be called chemical exhaustion—“the act of expending or using up a resource via chemical processes, to include the combining of oxygen, in which the substances involved either produce or are converted into other substances.” The resource or substance that undergoes chemical exhaustion and, thereby, is exhausted, may be deemed the exhaustive supplier; an example is wood. Although the designate flame is adequate and will be retained, a more encompassing expression is radiating light. Of special interest, only the radiating light from the individual charges [atoms] constituting the flame may be seen, not the charges themselves. Hence, flame is radiating light. Smoke is a more tangible entity which may be described as a particle shed. It consists of both individual charges (atoms) and molecules which are released, produced, and converted during the process of chemical exhaustion.

Before defining the process of chemical exhaustion further, a correction of a relative persuasion promoted by the scientific council is necessary. This is the supposition that water vapor is produced as a result of the chemical exhaustion of wood. Abiding by the ruling, water supposedly cannot be detected in wood prior to chemical exhaustion; however, after exhaustion, H₂O molecules, along with carbon dioxide and ash, may be detected. Ash is the grayish white powder remaining after a substance has been chemically exhausted. The issue is twofold: (1) does the chemical exhaustion of wood produce H₂O molecules, akin to juvenile water (see index); and (2) can the moisture be detected prior to the said exhaustion?

Photo of a wildfire in the Bitterroot National Forest in Montana by John McColgan, employed as a fire behavior analyst at the Forest Service, an agency of the U.S. Department of Agriculture.

The issue may be brought to a resolute determination by entertaining a well-known, but unincorporated, property of wood: its affinity for moisture. Due to its hygroscopicity (tendency to absorb water), wood will always contain a relatively high content of moisture. Wood has such an affinity for water that it may continue to absorb water until both the cell walls (fibers) and cavities are fully saturated; a waterlogged piece of wood will not even float. On the other hand, oven dried wood, which looks and feels moisture free to the touch, has a moisture content ranging from approximately 20 to 35 percent. Even the framing timbers in a very aged structure, having had sufficient time to dry out, will have a high content of moisture. The point is made: Wood will always contain water.

The failure to recognize the hygroscopic property of wood was one of the contributing factors responsible for the erroneous concept of the production of water vapor. A more probable factor, however, is the weight given to the process by which hydrocarbons, when completely exhausted with sufficient oxygen, produce carbon dioxide and water. Hydrocarbons are exhaustive suppliers which consist of hydroclusters (hydrogen) and carbon. In an instance of incomplete exhaustion, usually due to a deficiency of oxygen, carbon monoxide (CO) or pure carbon (C) is produced. It is the presence of hydrocarbons in wood, when combined with oxygen and ignited that makes wood an excellent exhaustive supplier. An example of a hydrocarbon in wood is alpha-pinene, the principle constitute of turpentine found in pine trees.

Where does water vapor come from after the chemical exhaustion of wood? The answer: It was stored in the wood. The hygroscopicity of wood insures that it will never be completely free of moisture. The water vapor produced by the exhaustion of hydrocarbons, although a contributing factor, is secondary. Can the moisture in wood be detected prior to exhaustion? The answer is an obvious, yes! The council has failed to score on either point; consequently, the well publicized account of moisture production is invalid.

The principles of chemical exhaustion and flame production may be summarily explained, not by the failed premise of electron transfer, but by the old physics of cause and effect. The first principle involved is startup, which may be defined as “the sudden beginning of the process of chemical exhaustion.” The start up is accomplished by the introduction of an activator or catalyst, “the responsible stimulus both bringing about and accelerating the process.” The activator is usually in the form of a common igniter, either a common match or butane lighter. The visible heat or radiating light produced by the activator, when placed against the wood, causes the chemical composition to spring into action. The chemical exhaustion of wood begins at about 400˚C (750˚F). The molecules begin an accelerated dance, whipped into a frenzy by the activator, causing the constitute components of the supplier to break up or separate in a phenomenon called decomposition.

The role of oxygen in the thermal reaction, specifically the ignition of the hydrocarbons in the supplier, is to accelerate the action; that is, to cause the process of chemical exhaustion to progress rapidly. In lieu of the demeaned term oxidation, oxygen may be best labeled as a catalyst; it accelerates the progress of exhaustion without undergoing any permanent chemical change itself. The combining of the catalyst, that is, oxygen reaching out with either a negative sign from the one buttress (electron) in place or a positive sign from the protruband (nucleus), contributes an electrostatic excitement to the decomposing molecules. The combining of oxygen whips the molecules into an even more frenzied dance.

The mystery of fire that has eluded man down through the centuries may now be published: oxygen’s electrical charge has sufficient power to jolt other elements into action, be it the dissolving power of water, chemical exhaustion, or the rusting of metals. Briefly stated, the proper terminology for the oxidation or rusting of metals is dissolution, verb dissolve—“the breaking up or disintegration of the constitute components resulting in a swelling up or out of said metals.”

The remarkable property of oxygen is all the more extraordinary when due consideration is paid to the fact that neither nitrogen nor fluorine share the advantage. A nitrogen family cluster has one less energy cell absorbed than oxygen, and fluorine has one additional cell; yet, neither has an electrical charge powerful enough to impart the electrostatic excitement or disturbance to other elements as oxygen has. The reader may wish to ponder the remarkable aspect before continuing. The fundamental law responsible for the exciting, but mysterious, diversity will be forthcoming.

Returning to the start-up process, once the activator (as a match) has been exhausted (burned up) or has been removed from the proximity of the supplier, the process of chemical exhaustion continues. This is due to the temperature of the thermal reaction reaching or exceeding the flash point of the volatile hydrocarbons in the supplier. The flash point is the lowest temperature at which a flammable gas, or a vapor of a volatile oil, as a-pinene, will ignite. The production and subsequent ignition of flammable gasses create a flame or radiating light rising above the exhaustive supplier. Again, only the radiating light of charges and molecules in a highly accelerated dance may be seen, not the decomposed charges and molecules themselves. The flame marks the area in which the hydrocarbons, combined with oxygen, are burned off.

The vaporous matter (smoke) rising from the flame forms a particle shed that dissipates into the atmosphere. The particle shed is distinguished from the flame only in the sense that the exhaustion of the vaporous matter causes the accelerated dance of the charges to diminish in a phenomenon that may be called ringing down. The term, along with ringing off, will not be incorporated until such time as it is opportune to explain how light is emitted. A hint: A free buttress [electron] in place is the standard bearer of electromagnetic waves [light]. The matter comprising the particle shed, exclusive of combining oxygen, and that remaining as ash, exactly equals the mass of the exhaustive supplier prior to chemical exhaustion. Mass is neither destroyed nor created in the process.

The scientific council boldly and unequivocally states that “all chemical reactions” may be explained by electronic interpretation. The visionary response is most evident in the explanation of oxidation-reduction reactions which are based almost entirely on electron transfer; a gain of one or more electrons is reduction and the loss of one or more electrons is oxidation. It is a resolute fact that the tenet is the basis of all the systematic literature of chemistry and physics. Since the judiciary has defined science as “that which scientists are generally associated with and perform,” then science may only be one thing: electronic interpretation.

In the real world of classical physics, electronic interpretation may not be declared as science in any sense of the word: science, in essence, is “knowledge.” Instead, the failed dogma represents the great falling away from classical physics in favor of the fanciful quantum effort. This occurred in part because scientists were unwilling to accept simple, unadulterated explanations for the phenomena observed. A case in point is the correct determination of the conductivity of current fillers, an assessment made possible by the new architecture of the charge based on the fundamental rules of classical physics. If Rutherford, Bohr, Arhennius, and others had access to the data reaped from the investigation, the interpolation (that is, the inclusion of materials that serve to expand the text) would have been unnecessary. For the record, the investigative effort is dedicated to more important game than the tenets of obstructionism: the origin and demise of the dinosaurs.

The investigation has produced sufficient evidence for the reader to make a tentative decision on the merits of electronic interpretation. The investigation, however, will not submit a formal ruling until all relative information, to include certain other beliefs of the scientific council, has been entertained. One declaration will not be withheld: In the future, the systematic literature of chemistry and physics must incorporate classical terms as pertaining to so-called redox reactions. Examples: Encrustation should be used in lieu of the “oxidation of fruit”; current fillers, instead of “electrolyte”; dissolution, for the “oxidizing of metals”; and, chemical exhaustion to replace the “oxidation of combustible substances.” The terms oxidation and reduction are dropped. The admonition is an effort to thwart the takeover order of mathematics and reinstate classical physics.

The current resolutions pertaining to the scientific council’s promotion of oxidation-reduction reactions follow. The arbitrary assessments; that is, choices not governed by the rules of classical physics but left to one’s own judgment, are listed to the left; the fundamental deductions based on cause and effect are scored to the right.

Continue your education by reading The Quest for Right.